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THE DETERMINANTS OF ECONOMIC FRAGILITY: CASE OF THE FRAGILE FIVE COUNTRIES

Authors: ÜNVER, Mustafa; DOĞRU, Bülent;

THE DETERMINANTS OF ECONOMIC FRAGILITY: CASE OF THE FRAGILE FIVE COUNTRIES

Abstract

This paper makes an empirical investigation of the determinants of fragility in terms of long-term fiscal sustainability and sovereign ratings for Brazil, India, Indonesia, South Africa and Turkey, referred to as the “fragile five” by Morgan Stanley (2013), using the Fully Modified Ordinary Least Square (FMOLS) approach developed by Phillips and Hansen (1990). The data set covers the 1980–2012 period for fiscal sustainability and 1990–2012 for sovereign ratings in these countries. The study revealed a statistically significant relationship between fiscal sustainability and current account balance, gross domestic product (GDP), total reserves, energy imports, exchange rate, external debt and credit to the private sector, while the findings associated with sovereign ratings demonstrate significantly that the leading determinants of sovereign ratings are exchange rates, total reserves, energy imports, foreign direct investment (FDI) net inflows, current account balance, GDP and external debt stocks.

Bu çalışma; kamu mali sürdürülebilirlik ve ülke kredi notları kapsamında ekonomik kırılganlığın uzun dönem belirleyicilerini, Morgan Stanley (2013) raporunda ”kırılgan beşli” olarak nitelediği Brezilya, Hindistan, Endonezya, Güney Afrika ve Türkiye için Phillips ve Hansen (1990) tarafından geliştirilen Tam Değiştirilmiş En Küçük Kareler (FMOLS) yaklaşımını kullanarak ampirik şekilde analiz etmiştir. Çalışmada beş ülke için kullanılan veri seti; kamu mali sürdürülebilirlik için 1980–2012 dönemini ve ülke kredi notları için 1990–2012 dönemini kapsamaktadır. Çalışmanın analiz sonuçları; kamu mali sürdürülebilirlik ile cari işlemler dengesi, Gayri Safi Yurtiçi Hasıla (GSYH),

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Turkey
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Keywords

İşletme, Bilgisayar Bilimleri, Bilgi Sistemleri, Fragile Five;Fiscal Sustainability;Sovereign Ratings;Macroeconomics;FMOLS Approach, Kırılgan Beşli;Mali Sürdürülebilirlilik;Ülke KrediNotları;Makroekonomi;FMOLS Yaklaşımı

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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