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TASAVVUF KLASİKLERİNDE ORUÇ

Authors: CENGİZ, Veysi;

TASAVVUF KLASİKLERİNDE ORUÇ

Abstract

Sûfîler, kalbi ma’siyetlerden alıkoyan en önemli ibadetin oruç olduğunu ifadeederler. Bu sebeple orucun hem maddî kalbe hem de manevî kalbe olanfaydalarından bahsetmiş, kalp gözünün açılması için oruç sayesinde gıdâ veşehvetlere set çekildiğini belirtmişlerdir. Sûfîler, varlıkta yokluğa alıştıran, nefsinâfetlerinden alıkoyan ve insanı kemâle götüren oruç ibadeti ile mâ’rifet ve keşifmahalli olan kalbin tasfiyesi üzerine yoğunlaşmış ve yegâne hedefin kalb-i selîmeulaşmak olduğunu belirtmişlerdir. Oruçlu iken sâdece kalbe hâkim olup orucunrûhaniyetine ve âdâbına uygun davranmayı değil, oruç ibadetinden sonra da eldeedilen mânevi kazancın sürdürülmesi gerektiğini belirtmişlerdir.Oruç ibadetiyle, rızâ-yı ilâhîyi, nefsi tezkiye etmeyi, ahlâkı güzelleştirmeyi, sabrı vetakvâyı hedefleyen klasik eser müellifi sûfîlerin, konu ilgili izâhatlarınınayrıntılarıyla incelenmesi çalışmamızın amacını oluşturmaktadır. Bu sebeple klasikeser müellifi olarak tasavvuf ilminde rusuh kesbetmiş, bâtınî ve zâhirî ilimlerevukūfiyetleri ve Ehl-i sünnet tasavvufunun oluşumunda önemli katkıları bulunan,Muhâsibî’nin, er-Riʿâye li-ḥuḳūḳıllâh, Serrâc’ın, el-Lüma’, Kelâbâzî’nin, Kitabü’t-tearruf li mezhebi ehli’t-tasavvuf, Mekkî’nin, Kūtü’l-kulûb, Hücvîrî’nin, Keşfü’l-mahcûb, Kuşeyrî’nin, er-Risâletü’l-Kuşeyriyye, Gazâlî’nin, İḥyâʾü ʿulûmi’d-dîn,Sühreverdî’nin, Avârifü’l-maârif, İbnü’l-Arabî’nin, Füsûsu’l-hikem ve el-Fütûhâtü’l-Mekkiyye adlı eserleri ile Mevlânâ’nın, Dîvan-ı Kebir’inde konumuz ile alakalı yeralan görüşler incelenmiştir.

The Sufis state that the most important worship that keeps the heart away fromdisobedience is fasting. For this reason, they talk about the benefits of fasting forboth the material heart and the spiritual heart, and they state that thanks tofasting, food and lust are blocked to open the heart's eye. The Sufis focused on thepurification of the heart which is the place of ingenuity and discovery through theworship of fasting which accustoms people to the absence of existence, preventsthem from the calamities of the soul and leads to perfection, and state that theonly goal is to reach the heart of peace.In this study, the opinions related to our subject in Muhasibi’s, al-Riaya li HukukAllah, Serraj’s al-Luma', Kalabazi’s, Kitabü't-tearruf li ehli'tasavvuf. Makki's, Kutu'l-kulub. Hücvırı's, Keshf sl-mahcub, Kushayri’s al-Risala al-Kushayriyya, Ghazali’s IhyaUlum al-Din, Suhrawardi’s, Avarif al-Maarif. İbn al-Arabi’s, Fusus al-Hikam and al-Futuhatu'l-Mekkiyye, and Mevlana’s Divan Kabir have been examined, authors ofeach made important contributions to the formation of Ahl as-Sunnah Sufism.

Country
Turkey
Related Organizations
Keywords

i̇badet, BP1-253, İbadet, kalp, Oruç, Heart, Fasting, Self, Islam, Religious Studies, Kalp, Din Araştırmaları, Nefis, oruç, Oruç;İbadet;Nefis;Kalp, Takva, Worship, nefis, Taqwa

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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Average
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