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El sobreseimiento como consecuencia jurídica a la vulneración al plazo razonable en la investigación preparatoria

Authors: Estela Nima, Julio Cesar;

El sobreseimiento como consecuencia jurídica a la vulneración al plazo razonable en la investigación preparatoria

Abstract

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo general proponer la incorporación del sobreseimiento como consecuencia jurídica ante la vulneración al plazo razonable en la investigación preparatoria. Se desarrolló bajo un enfoque cualitativo e interpretativo, utilizando como técnicas el análisis documental y la hermenéutica jurídica, con base en fuentes doctrinales, jurisprudenciales y normativas tanto nacionales como internacionales. El estudio permitió identificar que, en el ámbito nacional, el Tribunal Constitucional privilegia soluciones procesales como el sobreseimiento, mientras que la Corte Suprema aplica atenuaciones de pena; en contraste, los organismos internacionales carecen de criterios uniformes sobre las consecuencias jurídicas frente a la vulneración del plazo razonable. Los resultados evidencian que la falta de una consecuencia procesal efectiva genera indefinición jurídica y afecta el debido proceso. Por ello, se propone modificar los artículos 343° y 344° del Código Procesal Penal, incorporando expresamente el sobreseimiento como medida procesal idónea, fundamentada en el principio de preclusión, para garantizar la tutela judicial efectiva, restablecer la seguridad jurídica y contribuir al descongestionamiento del sistema judicial.

The present research aims to propose the incorporation of dismissal of charges (sobreseimiento) as a legal consequence of the violation of the reasonable time guarantee during the preparatory investigation phase. The study followed a qualitative and interpretative approach, employing document analysis and legal hermeneutics techniques, based on doctrinal, jurisprudential, and normative sources at both national and international levels. The findings reveal that, in Peru, the Constitutional Court prioritizes procedural solutions such as dismissal, while the Supreme Court applies sentence reductions; in contrast, international bodies lack uniform criteria regarding the legal consequences of violating the reasonable time principle. The results demonstrate that the absence of an effective procedural consequence generates legal uncertainty and affects due process. Therefore, it is proposed to amend Articles 343° and 344° of the Criminal Procedure Code, expressly incorporating dismissal as the appropriate procedural remedy, grounded on the principle of preclusion, to ensure effective judicial protection, restore legal certainty, and contribute to the reduction of judicial backlog.

Country
Peru
Keywords

Sobreseimiento, Dismissal of proceedings, Due process, Plazo razonable, Debido proceso, Reasonable time, https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#5.05.02

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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