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image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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Praca zawodowa kobiet jako czynnik zmiany demograficznej

Authors: Ochocki, Andrzej;

Praca zawodowa kobiet jako czynnik zmiany demograficznej

Abstract

W artykule dokonano analizy współzależności zachowań matrymonialnych, prokreacyjnych i aktywności zawodowej matek w nawiązaniu do teorii dzietności Gary’ego S. Beckera oraz rzeczywistego przebiegu procesu zastępowalności pokoleń w pięciu państwach: Finlandii, Niemczech, Polsce, Republice Czeskiej i Włoszech. Główną tezą tej teorii jest twierdzenie, że w rodzinnym gospodarstwie domowym zachodzi interakcja między ilością urodzonych dzieci a ich składnikiem jakościowym, tzn. stanem zdrowia, wykształceniem, rozwijanymi uzdolnieniami, przyswojonym systemem wartości. Oznacza to, że w sytuacji wzrostu pełnego dochodu rodzinnego gospodarstwa domowego, rodzice przejawiają większą skłonność do inwestowania w kapitał ludzki dzieci niż do powiększania ich liczby. Z przeprowadzonej analizy wynika również, że poziom aktywności zawodowej kobiet wychowujących małe dzieci jest uwarunkowany zarówno dobrobytem danego społeczeństwa, jak i rozwiązaniami w polityce rodzinnej państwa. Na tej podstawie wysunięto hipotezę, że pośrednie transfery publiczne w formie instytucjonalnej opieki nad małym dzieckiem umożliwiają wyższą aktywność zawodową matek wychowujących małe dzieci oraz sprzyjają wyższej dzietności kobiet. The article discusses the relation between parenthood and work on the basis of five coun¬tries: Finland, Germany, Poland, the Czech Republic and Italy. The theoretical basis of the analysis is Gary S. Becker’s thesis that there is the interaction between the number of children born in a given family and elements referring to the quality of those children that is their general health, education, talents which they develop and systems of values which they acquire. The conclusion seems to be that whenever total family income rises, parents are more willing to invest money in human capital of children they already have rather than increase the number of children. The analysis, also, proves that professional activity of mothers looking after their small children is conditioned by both the level of well-being of the respective society and solutions shaping the family policy. The hypothesis could also be formulated that indirect public transfers in the form of institutional child care stimulate professional activity of mothers as well as fertility.

Country
Poland
Keywords

parenthood, fertility, matka, work, children, mother, father, praca, rodzicielstwo, dziecko, rodność, ojciec

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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