IDDM and NIDDM are classifications of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) but should be recognized as having related but different treatment regimens; different problems, but the same desired outcome. That outcome is maintenance of normal blood glucose levels and prevention of acute and chronic complications. Nurses who care for patients with diabetes and who provide diabetes education need to continually assess patients' understanding about DM and its treatment. As a result, patient independence is fostered, the likelihood of adherence is increased, and optimal outcomes of the management of diabetes are promoted.