
Magnetic beam scanning allows one to spread proton beam over the desired radiation field area, improving beam utilization and conformity to the target area. This article discusses generic scan forms for generating uniform circular and rectangular fields and establishes criteria that can be applied to optimize selected scan patterns. During construction of the Midwest Proton Radiotherapy Institute (MPRI), Indiana University developed a magnetically scanned beam spreading system for the 3 m long gantry nozzle. Based on the commissioning experience, criteria for optimizing the scan patterns were derived. A numerical integration model was used to perform initial optimization of the resulting dose distribution. The selected scan patterns were then experimentally validated via test irradiation of Gafchromic films. Generic spiral and linear scan forms are proposed capable of delivering uniform circular and rectangular fields in continuous scanning mode. The test irradiations performed indicate that dose uniformity is within +/- 3% for both scan forms and that penumbra of the uncollimated field can approach the radius of the pristine beam spot. A well designed uniform scanning system can have a large library of uniform circular and rectangular fields of different sizes, which would increase beam utilization and minimize out-of-field dose to the patient.
Radiotherapy, Linear Models, Proton Therapy, Reproducibility of Results, Radiotherapy Dosage, Protons
Radiotherapy, Linear Models, Proton Therapy, Reproducibility of Results, Radiotherapy Dosage, Protons
| selected citations These citations are derived from selected sources. This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically). | 20 | |
| popularity This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network. | Average | |
| influence This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically). | Top 10% | |
| impulse This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network. | Top 10% |
