Individual differences in cognitive ability are real. This fact of nature has pervasive effects on education, science, innovative research, and the labour force. Scientists are reluctant to underscore the actual consequences of human variability. However, improving development requires open discussions about the basic ways thought to promote the current state of affairs, straightforwardly connected to this human variability. Based on the fact that there are large ability differences in the population, several guidelines are highlighted: (a) individual educators must demonstrate the effectiveness of their work at schools; (b) gifted people must be recruited at the school, in the world of science, and in the labour force; and (c) universities must adopt a free market both for hiring professors and attracting students.