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Instar growth and Development of Lepeophtheirus salmonis Copepodids.

Authors: Pedersen, Torbjørn Østvik;

Instar growth and Development of Lepeophtheirus salmonis Copepodids.

Abstract

Salmon louse Lepeophtheirus salmonis, (Krøyer, 1837) is a caligid parasite, responsible for major economical loss and welfare issues in Norwegian marine culture of salmonid species. Infections are mainly controlled with chemical measures, but there is emerging evidence that the monotonous use of chemicals has resulted in reduced sensitivity towards the pesticides used by the industry. Although L.salmonis has been an area of research for several decades there is still a lack of knowledge concerning basic biological aspects of the early developmental stages. Copepodids are the infective stage and understanding the biology of this phase may allow the design of a more effective next generation combat strategy. In the present study, copepodid biology has been studied by infection trials, observation of body size, histological examinations and in situ hybridization. The results demonstrate that infective copepodids undergo instar growth only if they are allowed to infect a salmonid host, as no such growth has been observed when host tissue is absent. There was no difference seen in growth or developmental parameters such as cuticle production or timing of moulting of copepodids when they infected the host at a young (2DPM) or old (8DPM) age. This strongly indicates that host tissue and fluids constitute an essential source of nutrition for copepodids, and that the role of yolk is minimal or obsolete for the purpose of further development. Furthermore, the findings of the present study indicate that transcription rate of the salmon lice digestive enzyme LsTryp1 increased during infection, while the opposite appears to occur during starvation. No alterations were observed in the transcription of LsTryp2. Lakselusa Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Krøyer, 1837), er ein caligid parasitt som fører til store økonomiske tap og velferdsmessige utfordringar for Norsk oppdrett av laksefisk. Resistensutvikling mot tilgjengelege legemiddel er ein realitet og mykje forskning går i dag med på å utvikle ei vaksine og finne alternative behandlingsmetodar. Sjølv om lakselusa er blitt forska på i fleire tiår manglar me detaljkunnskap om dei tidlege livsstadia. Copepodittar er det fyrste infektive stadiet i livssyklusen til lakselusa og denne fasen kan avsløre viktig kunnskap om korleis lusa byrjer parasittilværelsen. I dette studiet har me sett nærare på biologiske prosessar som foregår på copepodittstadiet. Me har nytta histologiske metodar, in situ hybridisering, smitteforsøk og måling av over 2000 individ for å sjå på forskjelar mellom frittlevande og infektive copepodittar av ulik alder. Resultata viser at copepodittar som parasitterer ein vert veks i storleik utan å skifte skal, medan frittlevande copepodittar ikkje veks i det heile. Smitteforsøk med gamle og unge copepodittar viser ingen forskjellar med tanke på utviklinga av nytt skal, eller tidspunkt for skalskifte. Dette er ein sterk indikasjon på at plommemasse spelar ei lita eller neglisjerbar rolle i utviklinga etter at copepoditten har infisert ein vert. Resultata viser òg at transkribsjon av LsTryp1 auker etter infeksjon medan det motsatte skjer under svelting. Inga andring vart observert i forekomst av LsTryp2 mRNA. Master i Fiskehelse MAMN-FISK FISKL

Country
Norway
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Keywords

570, VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Basale biofag: 470, Sea lice, Instar growth, 759906, L.salmonis, :Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Basale biofag: 470 [VDP], Post moult growth, Copepodids

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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