The authors have performed examination and treatment of 55 patients with peptic stricture of the esophagus. The algorithm of examination (X-ray method, endoscopic method, express pH-metry of the upper part of the gastrointestinal tract, USI of the abdominal cavity organs) allowed characterization of the stricture, detection of the disease which resulted in its development. The treatment included endoscopic methods (bougienage, balloon dilatation) for restoration of patency of the esophagus, pharmacotherapy directed to suppression of gastric secretion and improving the motor function of the gastrointestinal tract. Frequent relapses of peptic strictures, suspected neoplasias in the patient's esophagus should be treated surgically.