The work presents results of study of role of heptapeptide Selank--an anxiolytic from group of biologically active peptides--in compensation of disturbed psychic and homeostatic functions in monkeys. New data have been obtained which indicate that an intranasal administration of Selank produces long-term changes of the monkeys' behavior disturbed during neurosis: elimination of fear and aggression and an increase of orientational-explorative activity as well as facilitation of handling reactions and communicational relations. It has been established that on the background of the Selank there occurs a long compensation of disturbed psychic functions (processes of memory) and of homeostatic parameters. It has been shown that unlike the earlier studied neurohormones (thyroliberin and ACTH4-10), the antistressor Selank effects do not depend on the type of neurotic disturbances and have long-term compensatory character. Comparison of the data obtained on monkeys with results of similar studies on the more low-organized mammals (rodents) allow suggesting that the new peptide preparation Selank is a promising agent for correction of various psychoemotional disturbances (alarm- and depression-like disorders).