The discovery of optic bulb paved the way for the development of safe endoscopic systems not only with diagnostic ability, but also suitable for treatment. At the beginning of the 20th century, the first attempts to use an endoscope in the treatment of hydrocephalus have been made with encouraging results. Although the invention of an implantable shunt system slowed down the development of neuroendoscopy, the progress in fiberoptics and image processing has established the potential for the neuroendoscopy boom. Together with microneurosurgery, neuroendoscopy has established the concept of minimally invasive neurosurgery (Fig. 4, Ref. 16). Full Text (Free, PDF) www.bmj.sk.