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[Osteochondritis dissecans].

Authors: TANDOGAN, N.; OZGUR, Fevzi; AKKAYA, Tolga;

[Osteochondritis dissecans].

Abstract

Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) is a disease of unknown etiology, characterized by separation of necrotic bone from its bony bed. While the juvenile form seen in patients with open physes has a 60-90% rate of spontaneous resolution, the adult form has virtually no chance of spontaneous healing. Plain X-rays are sufficient for the diagnosis, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is essential for evaluation of disease progression and/or healing. The clinical correlation of MRI criteria defined in recent years to determine stability of the lesion is high. Juvenile OCD can be treated conservatively if there are no signs of instability on magnetic resonance images. Adult patients or unstable lesions in children should be treated surgically. For stable lesions, arthroscopic antegrade perforation is indicated to increase vascularity and stimulate healing. Unstable or displaced lesions should be treated with debridement, internal fixation, and cancellous bone grafting. Although cannulated metal screws are the most widely used implants for internal fixation, biodegradable implants have also been utilized in recent years. Loose fragments that are too deformed to be internally fixed should be removed and cartilage reconstruction techniques should be employed for the remaining crater. Long-term results of loose body removal alone are unsatisfactory. Modern cartilage restoration techniques are technically demanding due to the large, deep, and unconfined nature of the defect in the femoral condyle.

Osteokondritis dissekans (OKD), osteokondral bir parçanın, altındaki kemik yatağından ayrılması ile karakterize, etyolojisi bilinmeyen bir hastalıktır. Epifizleri açık olan hastalarda görülen juvenil formunda kendiliğinden iyileşme oranı %60-90 arasındayken, erişkin tipinde iyileşme olasılığı çok düşüktür. Hastalığın tanısı için direkt grafiler yeterli olurken, seyri ve iyileşmesinin değerlendirilmesinde manyetik rezonans görüntüleme (MRG) en değerli yöntemdir. Son yıllarda lezyonun stabilitesini belirlemek için tanımlanan MRG ölçütlerinin klinik korelasyonu oldukça yüksektir. Juvenil tipinde ayrılma bulgusu yoksa konservatif izlem yeterlidir. Ayrılma bulgusu olan veya erişkinlerde görülen lezyonlarda cerrahi tedavi gerekir. Ayrılmamış lezyonlarda artroskopik antegrad perforasyon, damarlanmayı artırarak iyileşmeyi uyarır. İnstabil lezyonlarda internal tespit ve greftleme en iyi sonuçları verir. İnternal tespit için kanüllü metal vidalar en yaygın kullanılan implantlar olmasına karşın, son yıllarda biyobozunur implantların kullanımı da gündeme gelmiştir. Ayrılmış ve yerine yerleştirilemeyecek kadar deforme olmuş lezyonlarda, serbest cisim eksizyonu uygulanmalı ve modern kıkırdak restorasyonu yöntemlerinden biri tercih edilmelidir. Sadece serbest parça eksizyonunun uzun dönem sonuçları kötüdür. Beraberinde ciddi kemik kaybı olması, geniş bir alanı tutması ve iyi sınırlı olmaması nedeniyle kıkırdak restorasyonu tekniklerinin de kendine özgü sorunları vardır.

Related Organizations
Keywords

Bone Transplantation, Age Factors, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Osteochondritis Dissecans, Internal Fixators, Joint Loose Bodies, Radiography, Arthroscopy, Treatment Outcome, Debridement, Absorbable Implants, Disease Progression, Humans

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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