The glossina control turns towards cheaper, ecological, easier techniques: trapping, which the efficacy might be increased by odour attractants; synthetic pyrethrinoids (impregnated targets; dipping or application of "Pour-on" formulations on skin of cattle). Only one new trypanocide was set up during the last 25 years: Melarsamine, arsenical derivative, effective in camels, cattle, horses infected by Trypanozoon (3.5 mg/kg b. w. by IM or SC routes). The trypanotolerant cattle is characterized by a better control of parasitemia and anaemia, dominant gene A of hemoglobin and gene F of albumin, a better immune response and a smaller drop of hematocrit. Monoclonal antibodies are used to detect, in micro-ELISA plates, circulating somatic trypanosomal antigens of T. brucei (s. l.) and T. evansi (common antigens), T. congolense and T. vivax (species specific antigens).