The sensitivity of the conventional radiotherapy involving excretory urography and ultrasound scanning is 80.3%. The clinical and X-ray form of new-onset nephrotuberculosis is being specified and revised during a follow-up and, in some cases, intraoperatively or at autopsy. The main reason for discrepancy between preoperative and postoperative diagnoses is inadequate visualization of the upper urinary tract when standard radiation diagnosis is used. Multislice computed tomography makes it possible to visualize the renal parenchyma, its vessels and urinary tract and yields a real three-dimensional image of urinary organs, to ascertain the pattern of urinary tract abnormalities, the preservation of the renal vasculature, and the functional reserves of the diseased and contralateral kidneys, and to define the only correct management tactics for patients with nephrotuberculosis in 93.3% of cases.