To evaluate whether RANKL/OPG balance is modified in PMR patients, either in the active phase of the disease or during corticosteroid treatment.Circulating levels of RANKL and OPG were assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in PMR patients with active untreated disease and in patients treated by corticosteroids over a 12-month follow-up period.We found no statistically significant differences in circulating levels of OPG between PMR patients either in the active phase of the disease or during all follow-up period compared to normal controls. On the other hand, systemic production of sRANKL is increased and is not modulated by corticosteroid treatment.In PMR increased levels of sRANKL may be related to bone osteoporosis. Further investigations are necessary to evaluate the relationship between the RANK/RANKL/OPG system and bone turnover in PMR patients.