Ludwig's angina is a cellulitis frequently occurring as a result of infections of the second and third lower molar. Despite a decrease in mortality from 50% to less than 10% since the introduction of antibiotics, it remains a rare but life-threatening illness. The potential for rapid respiratory obstruction is the greatest concern. Familiarity with the anatomy of the neck and recognition of symptoms are essential for effective treatment. Treatment focuses on maintenance of an airway, antibiotic therapy, and surgery. Asphyxia, aspiration, mediastinitis, pneumonia, empyema, and septicemia are possible complications.