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226Ra Removal Processes in Croatian Water Facilities

Procesi uklanjanja 226Ra u postrojenjima za pripremu pitke vode u Hrvatskoj
Authors: Bronzović, Maja; Marović, Gordana;

226Ra Removal Processes in Croatian Water Facilities

Abstract

Danas se kao pitke vode uglavnom rabe podzemne vode koje prirodno mogu sadržavati povišene koncentracije radionuklida. Jedan od radionuklida koji se u podzemnim vodama može naći u vrlo visokoj koncentraciji jest visokotoksičan 226Ra. Njegov metabolički put u organizmu sličan je metaboličkomu putu kalcija, što znači da se može deponirati u kostima i time povećati rizik od nastanka raka kostiju. Iako standardne metode za pripremu pitke vode nisu specijalno oblikovane za uklanjanje radija, pokazalo se da se koncentracija 226Ra tijekom tih procesa smanjuje. U ovom radu željela se ispitati efikasnost izdvajanja 226Ra prilikom standardnih procesa pripreme vode (filtracija na aktivnom ugljenu, filtracija na zelenom pijesku, pločasti filtar) koji se primjenjuju u Zagrebačkom vodovodu i dvjema punionicama vode u Hrvatskoj. U usporedbi s podacima koje navode drugi autori, opisani procesi filtracije pokazuju slabiju efikasnost izdvajanja 226Ra. Međutim, pitka voda dobivena tim procesima sadržava 226Ra u koncentraciji koja zadovoljava hrvatske propise te preporuke Svjetske zdravstvene organizacije.

Today, bottled and tap drinking water mainly originates from underground waters which might contain considerable amounts of naturally occurring radionuclides. One of the most toxic radionuclide in drinking water is 226Ra. Following the metabolism of calcium, it could be deposited into the bone where, in sufficient amount, it could cause bone sarcoma. Although current drinking water preparation techniques are not specifically designed for 226Ra removal they can reduce certain amounts of 226Ra. This paper presents the efficacy of standard water preparation processes (granular activated carbon, green sand and fixed-leaf filtrations) currently used by Zagreb water supply and two Croatian water bottlers in removing 226Ra. Compared with other studies, the results of our study show low to moderate efficacy in lowering the 226Ra concentration in drinking water. Even so, 226Ra concentrations still comply with the recommendation of the Word Health Organisation (WHO) and with Croatian legislation.

Country
Croatia
Keywords

fixed-leaf filtration; GAC filtration; green sand filtration; water treatment, Water Pollutants, Radioactive, filtracija na pločastom filtru, Croatia, GAC filtration, Green sand filtration, water treatment, Water Purification, Water Supply, water facilities, filtracija na aktivnom ugljenu, procesi pripreme vode, 226Ra, fixed-leaf filtration, green sand filtration, filtracija na zelenom pijesku, Radium

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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