To detect expression level and distribution of aquaporin 1(AQP1) and aquaporin 4 (AQP4) in rat laryngeal tissues and try to find out significance about aquaporin in the laryngeal function and mechanism on the laryngeal diseases.Eight cases laryngeal tissues were obtained from normal wistar rats. The slides were detected with HE staining for routine histopathologic examination, immunohistochemical staining was performed for observing the expression of AQP1 and AQP4 in laryngeal tissue.AQP1 expresses mainly on the capillary endothelial cell of laryngeal mucous lamina propria, laryngeal mucous glands and myocyte nuclear membrane. AQP4 expresses mainly on squamous epithelial, pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium, laryngeal lamina propria mucous glands and myocyte membrane.The distribution of Aquaporin 1 and aquaporin 4 on rat laryngeal tissue is dramatically different. This result suggests that they may have different role on the water transport of larynx, and may play an important role on laryngeal diseases.