Temporomandibular joint disorder is a common clinical entity with diverse etiologies and symptoms. The hallmarks on physical examination are reduced or dysfunctional mandibular range of motion, malocclusion, and joint or preauricular tenderness. The diagnosis is made when a history of craniofacial symptoms or headache is linked with temporomandibular joint dysfunction. Temporomandibular joint disorders usually respond to medical treatment with anti-inflammatory medications, soft diet and occlusal therapy, without the need for surgical intervention. These disorders must be considered in the differential diagnosis of chronic headache, facial pain and compromised mandibular movement.