To investigate the possibility of establishing the human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) bank as to provide an alternative source for the seed cells of tissue engineering.The cell surface antigens of the purified, expanded hMSCs and the ones following cryopreservation were detected by flow cytometry, cultured in a special medium to induce the osteogenic and chondrocytic differentiation. Morphology was studied by light and electronic microscopes. The detection of alkaline phosphatase, collagen type I, osteocalcin, and collagen type II were also performed by immunochemistry and molecular biology.The phenotype and expansion possibility of hMSCs after cryopreservation were remained. It could expand for 10 generations. The doubling time was 40 h.The bank of hMSCs is incipiently established and can provide eligible seed cells for tissue engineering.