The treatment of the temporomandibular joint ankylosis is a challenge for the oral-facial surgery. In children the ankylosis is often followed by micrognathia and disturbances in the balance of the orofacial system and the whole organism and it makes the problem more serious. All the surgeons who have ever treated ankylosis, had theirs disappointments. The question about the surgical technique and when does it have to be made is still actually. Using the literature we try to represent the most useful techniques for reconstruction of the TMJ and the lower jaw in case of ankylosis and micrognathia We hope to optimize the treatment and to make the life of these patients better.