In 1997 to 2002, the Sverdlovsk Region showed a reduction in the proportion of the accused and prisoners among adults and adolescents from 37.2 to 17.3% in the structure of tuberculosis morbidity and from 18.2 to 3.2% in that of its mortality. In 2003, prophylactic examinations revealed tuberculosis in 95% of the accused and prisoners. As compared with the general population, in adult and adolescent prisoners, morbidity due to tuberculosis was 8 times higher, its relapses were 9 times greater (early and late relapses being 28 and 3 times greater, respectively), its incidence was 9-fold and mortality, 1.3-fold.