The aim of our study was to detect any rise in serum levels of CA-125 after hysterosalpingography (HSG) as a result of irritation of the peritoneum.Serum levels of CA-125 were assessed before HSG and at the 2nd and 6th hours after HSG in 32 infertile patients who were admitted to our clinic from April 2002 to September 2002. Patients who showed tubal occlusion or Asherman Syndrome were excluded from the study. The levels of serum CA-125 were compared statistically. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS 10.0 statistical software and the paired-sample t-test was applied.The mean levels of serum CA-125 before HSG, and at the 2nd and 6th hours after HSG were; 14.11 +/- 5.97 mIU/ml, 13.96 +/- 5.80 mIU/ml, and 14.06 +/- 5.80 mIU/ml, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between serum levels of CA-125 before HSG and at the 2nd or 6th hours after HSG, and also between the 2nd and 6th hours after HSG (p > 0.05).We have not found any reports up to date about the levels of serum CA-125 after HSG. In our study we did not detect any increase in levels of serum CA-125 at the 2nd and 6th hours after HSG in spite of peritoneal irritation. We propose that this finding is because leakage of radioopaque material to the abdominal cavity is minimal during the HSG procedure.