Most recent studies have indicated that the incidence and prevalence of the mineral pneumoconioses have been declining as dust control has improved, This finding is particularly true for coal workers' pneumoconiosis, asbestosis, and silicosis. Although the present preoccupation with molecular biology and immunology has led to a spate of studies of the mechanisms involved in the development of these conditions, and although many advances have been made, no convincing complete elucidation of these mechanisms has evolved. Meanwhile, the "paratoxicologic fringe," supported by the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health and the Environmental Protection Agency, has been presenting the notion that almost every naturally occurring or synthesized mineral ranging from aluminum to silica is a carcinogen. Much of the evidence produced by this consortium has been found wanting, especially in regard to the alleged hazards of talc, beryllium, and silica.