Injectable forms of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and its N-terminal fragments are bone anabolic agents proven by randomized clinical trials. Alternate delivery forms of parathyroid hormone are under clinical or preclinical studies, including nasal, transdermal, and pulmonary formulations of PTH (1-34). Oral forms of PTH (1-34) and its analogs or orally active calcium sensing receptor antagonist, which induces PTH secretion from parathyroid gland, are also under development. PTH will be the one of the major therapeutic agents for osteoporosis treatment.