What are the benefits of proteino-energetic supplementation in malnourished elderly persons? How many days should lower urinary tract infections be treated in elderly women? Is vitamin D supplementation effective in preventing falls? Does treatment with cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine benefit patients with Alzheimer's disease or Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI)? This overview presents data from recent studies that attempted to answer these questions and contributed to improving the management of these important conditions in elderly persons.