The aim of this paper is to present the percutaneous cholangioscopic method, objectives, indications, technique and advantages of this method in exploration and treatment of common bile duct disease. Percutaneous cholangioscopy is a complementary mini-invasive method, which is associated to classic or laparoscopic surgical procedures on common bile duct disorder. This method has the main characteristic intraductal approach, which is made via an external preformed fistula derived from an anterior surgical open or mini-invasive interventional procedures performed on the common bile duct. Percutaneous cholangioscopy is very performing in early or differential diagnosis determination of common bile duct malignant tumors and is a valuable method for mini-invasive intraductal treatment that can be performed by this method, avoiding another interventional surgical or endoscopical procedure on common bile duct.