
Resumen. El envenenamiento por escorpiones Tityus discrepans (TD) (centro-norte de Venezuela) causa principalmente complicaciones gastrointestinales y pancreáticas mientras que el envenenamiento por Tityus zulianus (TZ) (Sur del Lago de Maracaibo) puede producir paro respiratorio y la muerte por edema agudo de pulmón. En vista que la toxicidad cardiorrespiratoria puede tener su origen en el daño pancreático, este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar la pancreatotoxicidad inducida por TZ en ratones BALB/c. Los animales fueron inoculados intraperitonealmente con 0.5 mg de proteína/kg de los venenos de TD o TZ. Se registró un incremento significativo en la amilasa sérica (IU/mL) luego de efectuada la inoculación de TZ a las 3 horas (20,6 ± 3,0, p < 0,05) y 6 horas (60,4 ± 3.0, p < 0,05) en relación a controles inoculados con solución salina. Los niveles séricos de amilasa en ratones inoculados con TD igualmente resultaron incrementados, aunque éstos fueron significativamente inferiores a los obtenidos para TZ. Se observó mediante microscopía de luz, edema intersticial y vacuolización en páncreas de ratones 1 h luego de efectuado el inóculo con TZ. Las diferencias observadas en el curso temporal del edema pancreático (relación peso húmedo del páncreas/peso corporal) inducido por TD y TZ sugiere la existencia de mecanismos especie-específicos de generación de edema. Tomados en conjunto, estos datos sugieren la presencia en el veneno de TZ de componentes con elevada toxicidad a nivel del páncreas de mamíferos, los cuales pueden estar relacionados con las complicaciones respiratorias asociadas al cuadro clinico del envenenamiento por TZ.
Abstract. Envenoming by Tityus discrepans (TD) scorpions in northcentral Venezuela mainly causes pancreatic and gastrointestinal complications whereas the sting by Tityus zulianus (TZ) (western Venezuela) often produces respiratory arrest and death by pulmonary oedema. Since TZ pancreatic toxicity may have been overlooked, a study was carried out to evaluate TZ venom effect on mice pancreas. BALB/c mice were injected intraperitoneally with 0.5 mg protein/kg of either TD or TZ venoms. A significant increase in serum-amylase activity (IU/mL) was obtained after 3 h (20.6 ± 3.0, p < 0.05) and 6 h (60.4 ± 3.0, p < 0.001) of TZ venom injection compared to saline-inoculated mice. Increased amylase levels were also elicited by TD venom, although these were significantly lower than those induced by TZ. Light microscopy of pancreas from TZ-envenomed mice revealed interstitial oedema and vacuolization of acinar cells as soon as 1 h after injection. Differences in the time course of the pancreatic oedema (wet pancreas weight/body weight ratio) elicited by TD and TZ venoms suggest the existence of species-specific mechanisms for oedema formation. Taken together, these data suggest that the TZ venom contains components highly toxic to the mammalian pancreas, which may play a role in developing TZ-related pulmonary complications.
Male, Scorpion venom, amylase, Mice, Inbred BALB C, pancreatitis, Pancreatic Diseases, Scorpion Venoms, Tityus, Mice, Veneno de escorpión, Amilasa, Amylases, Animals, Edema
Male, Scorpion venom, amylase, Mice, Inbred BALB C, pancreatitis, Pancreatic Diseases, Scorpion Venoms, Tityus, Mice, Veneno de escorpión, Amilasa, Amylases, Animals, Edema
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