The authors in the article described biochemical mechanisms of Mildronat. The main mechanism of Mildronat activity is based on decreasing carnitine level in the organism, which leads to hampering oxidation of fatty acids. Mildronat is believed keeps on training myocardium pharmacologically even without physical activity by adapting cells to decreasing fat acids inflow and activating glucose oxidations. Under ischemic condition to obtain energy, cells use intensively glucose oxidation. Clinical studies have reliably showed Mildronat to have positive effect in treating patients with cardiovascular and ischemic cerebral diseases as well as for enhancing physical and mental efficiency.