The distribution and subcellular localization of nerve growth factor receptor (NGFR) in human teeth has been investigated by immunohistochemistry at the light and electron microscopic levels. Many nerves in the dental pulp were intensely immunoreactive for NGFR. The pattern of distribution was largely similar to that of nerve fibers demonstrated by immunostaining for neurofilament protein (NFP), the most universal marker protein for pulpal nerves. In the predentin and dentin, more nerve fibers were intensely immunoreactive for NGFR than were demonstrable with NFP-antibodies. Immunoelectron microscopy showed that the NGFR-immunoreactivity was localized on the axoplasmic membrane in unmyelinated axons and on the outside of accompanying Schwann cells. No NGFR-immunoreactivity was found on the axons of myelinated nerves nor their supporting cells.