Since the first description of the TVT technique in 1995 by Ulmest, more than 300,000 TVT procedures have been performed worldwide, essentially in Europe. This technique appears to be safe and effective. Based on analysis of large published series with sufficient follow-up, it is now possible to define the various complications, establish their incidences, identify their causes and implement ways to avoid or possibly treat these complications. Bladder perforation is frequent, pelvic haematomas and haemorrhagic complications, and urethral or vaginal erosions are rare. Postoperative urinary retention occurs in 5% to 10% of cases. Voiding disorders (dysuria, de novo urge incontinence, and frequency) have also been reported. The other complications include nerve lesions, pain, dyspareunia, urinary tract infections, urethrovaginal or vesicovaginal fistulas. Serious complications such as vascular wounds or intestinal lesions are rare. Only 4 deaths have been reported to date.