We reviewed postoperative courses of patients with gastric cancer who underwent gastrectomy to evaluate the need for routine postoperative gastrointestinal decompression.Three hundred patients who underwent gastrectomy during 1998 and 1999 were enrolled in this study. A nasogastric tube was placed in all patients just after induction of the anesthesia. The patients were divided into two groups, 150 patients for each. In group 1, the nasogastric tube was maintained until the passage of flatus per rectum. In group 2, the nasogastric tube was removed immediately after the operation.The return of bowel function, return to a diet and postoperative length of hospital stay were similar in both groups. In group 1, only one patient (0.7%) had abdominal distension and no patient vomited, while four patients (2.7%) had abdominal distension and one patient (0.7%) vomited in group 2. There were no significant differences in the incidence of respiratory complications, anastomotic leakage and wound complications between the two groups. Postoperative death was rare, with the incidence of 0.7% in each group. There was a significantly high incidence of patient's discomfort in group 1. The major complaint was sore throat and it caused sleep disturbance when severe.It is desirable to insert a nasogastric tube while the patient is in the anesthetized state and keep it during operation and remove it immediately after operation, when no active bleeding is detected.