The course of spontaneous vitamin B6 deficiency anemia in a 57-year-old woman is reported. The anemia was characterized by hypochromasia of the erythrocytes, hyperferricemia, absence of hemolysis, and hyperplastic, ineffective, sideroblastic erythropoiesis of the bone marrow. It was corrected by oral vitamin B6 therapy. On interruption of the vitamin B6 therapy the anemia relapsed. On resumption of vitamin B6 medication it responded again with normalization of the hemoglobin and erythrocytes values. The hematological remission could be maintained under longterm vitamin B6 medication. The nosological significant of this rare anemia and its differentiation from other forms of anemia are discussed.