To evaluate the effect of vitrectomy for pseudophakic cystoid macular edema(CME).This study included 34 eyes of 31 patients that underwent vitrectomy for CME after intraocular lens(IOL) surgery without complications. CME was diagnosed by slit-lamp biomicroscopy with contact lens. Visual acuity and CME status were evaluated preoperatively and postoperatively. The interval between IOL surgery and vitrectomy was from 1 to 52 months, with an average of 11 months. Vitreous gel was beneath the iris in all cases, and there was no adhesion to the anterior segment. Preoperative visual acuity ranged from 0.1 to 0.9, with an average of 0.44.CME was resolved postoperatively in all cases. Resolution period ranged from 1 to 12 months, with an average of 2.6 months. Visual acuity improved postoperatively and ranged from 0.1 to 1.2, with an average of 0.84. The factors related to postoperative visual acuity were IOL-CME interval, preoperative visual acuity, and the period of CME resolution. The factor related to the period of CME resolution was preoperative visual acuity.After vitrectomy for CME after IOL surgery without complications, CME resolves quickly and visual acuity improves. Early vitrectomy has good visual results.