To find out the epidemiological features of hypertension in Heilongjiang Province, so as to provide guidance and scientific ebidence for hypertensive prophylaxis and treatment.>From the year of 1959 to 1999, 289 157 people in total with age >/= 15 years old (male 154 091, female 135 066) were investigated with stratified chunk method in rural and urban areas in Heilonging Province.Hypertensive incidence in Heilongjiang is much higher than the average level in China (P /= 20 had higher hypertensive incidence (17.56%) than those with BMI < 20 (7.69%). 39 possible related factors of hypertension were analyzed; it is shown that profession of cadre, high BMI, alcohol drinking, male gender, mother's history of hypertension high salt diet and old age are the main risk factors of hypertension.The programs of prophylaxis and treatment of hypertension should be enhanced in this province.