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Doppler frequency estimation in pulse doppler radar systems

Authors: Soğancı, Hamza;

Doppler frequency estimation in pulse doppler radar systems

Abstract

Darbe Doppler radar sistemleri özellikle askeri uygulamalarda sıkça kullanılan radar sistemlerinden biridir. Bu radarlar temelde hedeflerin iki önemli parametresi olan mesafe ve Doppler frekanslarını kestirmek için tasarlanmıştır. Bunu yapmanın en genel yolu, önce uyumlu filtreleme, sonra darbe Doppler işleme ve son olarak da pek çok farklı Sabit Yanlış Alarm Oranlı (SYAO) algoritmalardan birinin uygulanmasıdır. Ancak darbe Doppler işlemeden sonra elde edilen sinyal yapısı yüzünden, SYAO algoritmaları hedeflerin Doppler frekanslarını hassas bir şekilde kestiremezler. Bu tezde Maksimum Seçim ve Ardışık Çıkarma adıyla iki değişik algoritma önerildi ve bu algoritmaların performansı optimal çözüm olan Maksimum Olabilirlik çözümüyle karşılaştırıldı. Önerilen bu algoritmaların herikisi de nokta bir hedeften gelen sinyalin darbe Doppler işlemeden sonra elde edilen yapısının bilinmesi avantajını kullanmaktadır. Maksimum Seçim algoritması en yüksek değerli Doppler frekans hücrelerini hedeflerin bulunduğu hücreler olarak seçer. Ardışık Çıkarma algoritması ise tekrarlanan bir algoritmadır. Her tekrarda bir maliyet fonksiyonunun en küçük değerini veren bir hedef bulur ve bunu hiçbir hedef kalmayana kadar tekrar eder. Bu algoritmaların performansları pek çok değişik nokta hedef senaryosu için analiz edildi. Ayrıca bu algoritmaların performansları bazı gerçekçi hedef modelleri üzerinde de test edildi. Bütün bu gözlemlerin sonucunda, Maksimum Seçim algoritmasının yüksek sinyal gürültü oranlarında (SGO) ve basit algoritmalara ihtiyaç duyulduğu durumlarda kullanılabileceği görüldü. Diğer taraftan, Ardışık Çıkarma algoritmasının bütün SGO değerlerinde optimal çözüme yakın bir performans gösterdiği saptandı.

Pulse Doppler radar systems are one of the most common types of radar systems, especially in military applications. These radars are mainly designed to estimate two basic parameters of the targets, range and Doppler frequency. A common procedure of estimating those parameters is matched filtering, followed by pulse Doppler processing, and finally one of the several constant false alarm rate (CFAR) algorithms. However, because of the structure of the waveform obtained after pulse Doppler processing, CFAR algorithms cannot always findthe Doppler frequency of a target accurately. In this thesis, two different algorithms, maximum selection and successive cancelation, are proposed and their performances are compared with the optimal maximum likelihood (ML) solution. These proposed algorithms both utilize the advantage of knowing the waveform structure of a point target obtained after pulse Doppler processing in the Doppler frequency domain. Maximum selection basically chooses the Doppler frequency cells with the largest amplitudes to be the ones where there is a target. On the other hand, successive cancelation is an iterative algorithm. In each iteration,it finds a target that minimizes a specific cost function, until there are no more targets. The performances of these algorithms are investigated for several different point target scenarios. Moreover, the performances of the algorithms are tested on some realistic target models. Based on all those observations, it is concluded that maximum selection is a good choice for high SNR values when a low-complexity algorithm is needed, on the other hand, successive cancelation performs almost as well as the optimal solution at all SNR values.

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Keywords

Maximum Likelihood, Elektrik ve Elektronik Mühendisliği, Doppler radar, 600, TK6592.D6 S64 2009, Doppler radar., CFAR, Pulse compression radar, Pulse compression radar., Pulse Doppler Processing, Pulse Doppler Radar, Pulsed doppler radar, Doppler Frequency, Matched Filtering, Electrical and Electronics Engineering

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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