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La efectividad del crédito tributario en el proceso de liquidación judicial ¿Un desafío para los principios constitucionales de justicia y equidad tributaria?

Authors: Alvarez Lombo, Erica Dayan; Bermúdez Jiménez, Stefanny Alexandra;

La efectividad del crédito tributario en el proceso de liquidación judicial ¿Un desafío para los principios constitucionales de justicia y equidad tributaria?

Abstract

En Colombia, la Ley 1116 de 2006 permite a los comerciantes en crisis acudir a dos mecanismos concursales: el Proceso de Reorganización Empresarial y la Liquidación Judicial. En este trabajo, se analizará el proceso de Liquidación Judicial, que busca recuperar los créditos, donde compiten varios acreedores, entre ellos el Estado, que participa con el crédito tributario, y que puede verse afectado por las decisiones que tomen los administradores concursales, lo que puede vulnerar los principios de justicia y equidad tributaria. El objetivo de este trabajo es examinar si la efectividad del crédito tributario que se ubica dentro del régimen de insolvencia empresarial está limitada por las decisiones que toman los liquidadores. Para ello, se utiliza el método sistémico-cualitativo para describir las facultades de los síndicos y otros sujetos concursales otorgadas en el proceso de liquidación judicial, y determinar su influencia en el crédito tributario y, por ende, su impacto en los principios de justicia y equidad tributaria. Es un tema relevante, toda vez que los administradores concursales pueden tomar decisiones que afecten negativamente la recuperación de la cartera tributaria, como priorizar el pago de otras deudas sobre las obligaciones tributarias o vender activos a precios inferiores a su valor de mercado, lo que compromete el interés general de la Nación y crearía inequidades en la distribución de cargas tributarias, violando los principios constitucionales establecidos.

In Colombia, Law 1116 of 2006 allows distressed merchants to resort to two bankruptcy mechanisms: the Business Reorganization Process and the Judicial Liquidation. This paper will analyze the Judicial Liquidation process, which seeks to recover credits, where several creditors compete, including the State, which participates with the tax credit, which may be affected by the decisions made by the bankruptcy administrators, which may violate the principles of tax justice and equity. The objective of this paper is to examine whether the effectiveness of the tax credit in the business insolvency regime is limited by the decisions made by the liquidators. To this end, the systemic-qualitative method is used to describe the powers of the trustees and other bankruptcy subjects within the judicial liquidation process, and to determine their influence on the tax credit and, therefore, their impact on the principles of tax justice and equity. This is a relevant topic, as bankruptcy administrators may make decisions that negatively affect the recovery of the tax portfolio, such as prioritizing the payment of other debts over tax obligations or selling assets at prices lower than their market value, which compromises the general interest of the Nation and creates inequities in the distribution of tax burdens, violating established constitutional principles.

Magister en Derecho Público

Maestría

Country
Colombia
Related Organizations
Keywords

Derecho público, principios de justicia, Impuestos, Ley 1116 de 2006, equidad tributaria, Liquidación Judicial, crédito tributario, Tax Credit, Principles of Tax Justice and Equity., Judicial Liquidation, Derecho financiero, Law 1116 of 2006

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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