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Justicia transicional: aristas problémicas del acceso a la justicia.

Authors: Hernández Sánchez, Martín;

Justicia transicional: aristas problémicas del acceso a la justicia.

Abstract

La justicia transicional, sinónimo de dilemas que deben enfrentar los Estados, comunes según la experiencia internacional, en aquellos que adoptan una serie de mecanismos e instituciones políticas y jurídicas, que les permitan juzgar a los perpetradores, garantizar los derechos de las víctimas a la verdad, la justicia y la reparación, con la finalidad de superar graves violaciones a los derechos humanos y al DIH o la búsqueda de regímenes democráticos, siendo uno de éstos problemas el acceso a la justicia. Cada evento es único, distinto a los demás, dadas las condiciones culturales, sociales, políticas, económicas de cada Estado, inviable trasladarlo a otro, sin contemplar sus condiciones. En Colombia la suscripción del Acuerdo para terminación del conflicto armado, entre el gobierno y la guerrilla de las Farc-Ep, dispuso la implementación de la Jurisdicción Especial para la Paz, que a través de Salas de Reconocimiento, de Definición de Situaciones Jurídicas, la Sección de Apelaciones del Tribunal para la Paz, mediante un procedimiento dialógico; a través de informes de la sociedad civil, de las otras jurisdicciones, especialmente la penal ordinaria, la participación de las víctimas y el aporte de los comparecientes, se pueda construir una verdad dialógica restaurativa. Con la finalidad de determinar el tratamiento a las víctimas, los obstáculos para la garantía del acceso a la justicia, como el éxito de la experiencia de la JEP, mediante una exploración teórico documental, con el método deductivo, la revisión de artículos científicos como del estudio de providencias de la Jurisdicción Especial para la Paz. Los resultados de la investigación muestran que el tratamiento dado a los comparecientes, depende del cumplimiento del compromiso de aportar a la verdad, debiendo superar incluso el umbral judicial de los procesos penales ordinarios, aunado al respeto al derecho de las víctimas, para la obtención de beneficios o la exclusión del sistema. Palabras clave: Justicia transicional, derechos humanos, derecho internacional humanitario, JEP, víctimas, participación, comparecientes.

Transitional justice, synonymous with dilemmas that States must fase, common according to international experience, in those that adopt a series of political and legal mechanisms and institutions that allow them to judge the perpetrators, guarantee the rights of victims to the truth, justice and reparation, in order to overcome serious violations of human rights and international humanitarian law or the search for democratic regimes, one of these problems being access to justice. Each event is unique, different from the others, given the cultural, social, political, economic conditions of each State, it is unfeasible to transfer it to another, without considering its conditions. In Colombia, the signing of the agreement for the termination of the armed conflicto, between the government and the FARC EP guerrillas, provided for the implementation of the Special Jurisdiction for Peace, wich through Recognition Rooms, Definition of Legal Situations, the Appeals Section of the Tribunal for Peace, through a dialogical procederé; through reports from civil society , from other jurisdictions, especially the ordinary criminal one, the participation of the victims and the contribution of those appearing, a restorative dialogic truth can be built. In order to determine the treatment of the victims, the obstacles to guarantee Access to justice, such as the success of the JEP experience, through a documentary theoretical Exploration, with the deductive method, the review of scientific articles such as the study of provisions of the Special Jurisdiction for Peace. The results of the investigation show that treatment given to those appearing depends on the fulfillment of the commitment to contibute to the truth, and muste ven exceed the judicial threshold of ordinary criminal proceedings, coupled with respect for the rights of the victims, to obtain benefits or exclusión from the system. Keywords: Transitional justice, human rights, international humanitarian law, JEP, victims, participation, appearing parties.

Magister en Derecho Penal y Procesal Penal

Maestría

Country
Colombia
Related Organizations
Keywords

Justicia transicional, comparecientes, víctimas, international humanitarian law, victims, JEP, human rights, appearing parties, Transitional justice, Derecho Internacional Público, Derecho Internacional de los Derechos Humanos, Derecho Internacional Humanitario, Justicia transicional, Derecho Penal Internacional, derecho internacional humanitario, participation, derechos humanos, participación

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
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