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Dinler tarihi metodolojisinde dinleri anlama problemi

Authors: Altundal, Semih;

Dinler tarihi metodolojisinde dinleri anlama problemi

Abstract

Social sciences began to act with a positivist scientific perspective since the 19th century. History of Religions, as a social science, loses its objective perspective when it tries to understand religions from a positivist perspective. For this reason, the History of Religions has developed some methods to preserve its non-normative dynamism. Due to the characteristics of the subjects it is interested in, this branch of science can, on the one hand, use methods such as "historical comparison" and "new comparativeism" with a historical perspective, while on the other hand, it can use methods such as "phenomenology" borrowed from philosophy. In this context, it is important for the History of Religions researcher to know both the historical development and intellectual foundations of these methods in order to understand and interpret religions more objectively, in terms of the accuracy of scientific research. In this context, in the first part of our thesis, positivism in social sciences and its reflection on methodology are mentioned. In addition, opinions about the modern foundation of the History of Religions and its methodology were discussed. In addition, thoughts that cause problems in the view of religions have been put forward. In the second part, some methods such as "historical comparison", "new comparativeism", "phenomenological" and "hermeneutics" used by the History of Religions in looking at religions were examined. By examining these methods, it is aimed to contribute to the historians of religions' understanding and interpretation of religions from an objective perspective.

Sosyal bilimler XIX. yüzyıldan itibaren pozitivist bilimsel bakışla hareket etmeye başlamıştır. Sosyal bir bilim olarak Dinler Tarihi pozitivist bir bakış açısıyla dinleri anlamaya çalıştığında ise objektif bakış açısını kaybetmektedir. Bu sebeple Dinler Tarihi normatif olmayan dinamizmini koruyabilmek adına bazı yöntemler geliştirmiştir. Bu bilim dalı ilgilendiği konuların özellikleri sebebiyle bir taraftan tarihsel bakış açısına sahip “tarihsel mukayese” ve “yeni mukayesecilik” gibi metotları kullanırken, diğer taraftan felsefeden ödünç alınmış “fenomenoloji” gibi yöntemleri kullanabilmektedir. Bu bağlamda Dinler Tarihi araştırmacısının dinleri daha objektif bir biçimde anlaması ve yorumlayabilmesi için bu yöntemlerin hem tarihsel gelişimini hem de düşünsel temellerini bilmesi, bilimsel araştırmaların doğruluğu açısından önem arz etmektedir. Bu çerçevede tezimizin birinci bölümünde sosyal bilimlerde pozitivizmden ve bunun metodolojiye yansımasından söz edilmiştir. Bunun yanı sıra Dinler Tarihi'nin modern manadaki kuruluşu ve onun metodolojisi hakkındaki görüşler ele alınmıştır. Ayrıca dinlere bakışta problemlere yol açan düşünceler ortaya konulmuştur. İkinci bölümde ise Dinler Tarihi'nin dinlere bakışta kullandığı “tarihsel mukayese”, “yeni mukayesecilik”, “fenomenoloji” ve “hermenötik” gibi bazı metotlar incelenmiştir. Sözü edilen bu metotların incelenmesiyle, dinler tarihçilerinin objektif bir bakış açısıyla dinleri anlamasına ve yorumlamasına katkı sağlamak hedeflenmiştir.

Country
Turkey
Related Organizations
Keywords

Fenomenoloji, History of Religions, Hermeneutics, Hermenötik, Dinler Tarihi, Methodology, Metodoloji, Phenomenology, Pozitivizm

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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