This paper focuses on the analysis of air quality in the City of Naples (Campania Region-Italy). The research aim is to make an introduction to the preliminary analysis of the particles less than 10 mm in diameter (PM10) by focusing on the correlation between the PM10 and the climatic variables (wind, temperature, mm and days of rain) and between the PM10 and the traffic. Moreover the research focuses also on the effect of the adopted traffic regulation strategies by the municipality in the city of Naples. In order to be able to carried out, in future research, a model for the PM10 prediction, the main endogenous variables to involve in the model are identified. Every correlation is also studied over time.