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«Uno yoik è più potente della polvere da sparo». Riflessioni sul caso Alta-Kautokeino in memoria di Mattis Hætta (1959-2022)

Authors: Nicola Renzi;

«Uno yoik è più potente della polvere da sparo». Riflessioni sul caso Alta-Kautokeino in memoria di Mattis Hætta (1959-2022)

Abstract

«L’uomo che ha insegnato all’Europa a yoikare, Mattis Hætta, ci ha lasciati». Con questa frase, la mattina del 10 novembre 2022, si apre la prima pagina del giornale nazionale norvegese NRK. Il Sápmi piange la scomparsa della sua superstar che, attraverso uno yoik memorabile, ha fatto conoscere a tutta l’Europa le drammatiche vicende del cosiddetto “Caso Alta-Kautokeino” e quel che esso ha rappresentato per le popolazioni indigene Sami dell’Artico europeo. Il presente intervento vuole essere in primo luogo un atto commemorativo alla voce di Mattis Hætta – che nel suo piccolo, con una semplice melodia e due piccole parole, ha un po’ cambiato questo mondo. Al contempo, utilizzando la canzone Sámiid Ædnan e lo yoik di Mattis Hætta come paradigma narrativo, si intende raccontare la resistenza dei Sami di Norvegia contro la costruzione di una mastodontica centrale idroelettrica sul fiume Álttáeatnu. Tra la fine degli anni Settanta e i primi anni Ottanta, proteste e manifestazioni non-violente organizzate da gruppi di Sami hanno avuto luogo in tutta la Norvegia per denunciare la prepotenza sociale e ambientale di questo provvedimento. Ma nessuna di queste azioni ottenne tanta risonanza internazionale quanto lo yoik che Mattis Hætta intonò durante il brano Sámiid Ædnan, vincitore del Festival della Canzone norvegese del 1980. Questo yoik si dimostrerà effettivamente «più forte della polvere da sparo» – per citare la significativa metafora del ritornello. Attraverso la successiva partecipazione all’Eurovision Song Contest e giungendo così alle orecchie d’Europa, il “Caso Alta-Kautokeino” e le correlate rivendicazioni dei Sami ottennero una visibilità mai conosciuta prima. Nel suo piccolo, lo yoik intonato da Mattis Hætta innescò una sempre più considerevole mobilitazione, accompagnata da un coinvolgimento mediatico internazionale senza precedenti che spinsero il governo norvegese a modificare i progetti della centrale idroelettrica e a garantire l’istituzione del primo Parlamento Sami richiesto dalle organizzazioni indigene locali.

«The man who taught Europe to yoik, Mattis Hætta, is dead». This is the concise title which opened the first page of the Norwegian national newspaper on the morning of November 10, 2022. Sápmi mourns the passing of its superstar who, through a memorable yoik, made the dramatic events behind the so-called “Alta-Kautokeino Affair” known throughout Europe. This argument is primarily intended to be a commemorative act to the voice of Mattis Hætta – who in his small way, with a simple tune and two small words, has significantly changed this world. At the same time, using Sámiid Ædnan song and Hætta’s yoik as a narrative paradigm, the text recounts the resistance of the Sámi of Norway against the construction of a gigantic hydroelectric powerplant on the Álttáeatnu. In the late 1970s and early 1980s, non-violent demonstrations by Sámi and small groups of environmental activists took place across Norway to denounce the violent hunger of their country towards resources and indigenous rights. But none of these actions gained as much resonance as the luohti which Mattis Hætta yoiked in the song Sámiid Ædnan, winner of the 1980 Norwegian Melodi Grand Prix. This yoik actually proved to be «stronger than gunpowder» – to quote the metaphor that made the refrain of the song famous. Getting to the ears of Europe through participation in the Eurovision Song Contest, the “Alta-Kautokeino Affair” and the claims of the Sámi gained a prominence never known before. In its own small way, the luohti yoiked by Mattis Hætta sparked an ever more considerable physical mobilization, accompanied by an unprecedented attention in international media, jointly prompting the Norwegian government to modify the powerplant plans and leading to the establishment of the first Sámi Parliament.

Country
Italy
Keywords

Yoik, Indigeneity, Environmental activism, Sámi, Eurovision, Popular music

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
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