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Granuloma Annulare

Authors: Patrizi, Annalisa; Neri, Iria;

Granuloma Annulare

Abstract

Granuloma annulare (GA) is an inflammatory dermatosis of adults and children, arranged by groups of skin‐coloured to erythematous papules in an annular distribution. Nodular lesions may be present too. Common sites of GA are the extensor surfaces of the limbs, dorsa of hands and feet; scalp and trunk are rarely affected. The aetiology of GA is unclear, but some pathological associations have been reported, such as diabetes mellitus type 1, infections, haematological and autoimmune disorders. Four main clinical variants of GA are known: localized GA (multiple or single), subcutaneous GA, generalized GA (annular or nonannular) and perforating GA. Adjunctive rare variants are papular umbilicated GA and linear GA. Clinical features are crucial for suspecting GA, but in doubtful cases biopsy and histopathology are mandatory to confirm the diagnosis. Three main microscopic patterns have been described: palisading granulomatous, interstitial histiocytic and sarcoidal. GA is usually benign and self‐limiting so clinical follow‐up represents the first‐choice therapeutic option. Other topical or systemic measures have shown controversial results.

Country
Italy
Keywords

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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