To evaluate the effect of treatment with a bisphosphonate (alendronate) on human dental enamel dissolution in vitro.The dissolution of each enamel sample was evaluated by monitoring the calcium release in 0.1M lactic acid solution at pH 4.5 (acidic solution) during dissolution tests, after topical alendronate treatment with 0.1M alendronate solutions at pH 5.0, pH 7.4 and pH 9.0.Data showed that alendronate treatment, both at pH 5.0 and pH 7.4, obtained a statistically significant reduction of enamel demineralization during dissolution test reaction time (45 minutes). The protective effect was not present after treatment at pH 9.