This essay aims to analyse nature and features of the dictatorships Caesar held between 49 and 44 B.C., in order to provide a proper constitutional definition for them. For this purpose, it is worthwhile taking from the vast amount of information on the person – at the same time even legendary and fanciful, especially in terms of incompleted perspectives – the essential core of elements to clarify, in the five-year period mentioned, the progressive shift of the dictatorship from traditional republican system. This was made possible by revisiting the relevant sources and exploring the extensive literature produced on the subject, so as to achieve a grid of solutions regarding the main critical issues.