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La neuropatia uditiva

Authors: SANTARELLI, ROSAMARIA;

La neuropatia uditiva

Abstract

Nel corso degli ultimi decenni le alterazioni della percezione verbale causate da una disfunzione del sistema uditivo non riconducibili a una lesione cocleare “classica” sono state oggetto di un crescente interesse emergendo dal gruppo indistinto ed eterogeneo dei disturbi psichiatrici, neuropsicologici e del linguaggio in cui erano state confinate. La spinta alla individuazione di alterazioni del “processing” del segnale uditivo si è svolta lungo due direttive principali. Nel 1996 Arnold Starr e collaboratori hanno riportato le caratteristiche cliniche di un gruppo di pazienti che presentavano una severa compromissione della percezione verbale a fronte di una perdita uditiva lieve o moderata. Tali reperti erano associati alla presenza delle otoemissioni acustiche (otoacoustic emissions, OAEs) e all’assenza delle risposte evocate uditive del tronco encefalico (auditory brainstem responses, ABRs). L’assenza di coinvolgimento del sistema nervoso centrale e il riscontro di una neuropatia periferica riscontrate nella maggioranza dei pazienti ha indotto gli autori a ipotizzare che la lesione responsabile della compromissione della percezione verbale e dell’assenza della risposta ABR fosse riconducibile a fenomeni di demielinizzazione delle fibre del nervo uditivo (auditory neuropathy, AN) o in alternativa, a lesioni delle cellule ciliate interne (inner hair cells, IHCs) o delle sinapsi interposte. Le basi neurofisiologiche della ridotta percezione verbale sarebbero pertanto da ricercare in una alterata codifica dell’informazione uditiva da parte del compartimento afferente periferico con conservazione della funzionalità delle cellule ciliate esterne (outer hair cells. OHCs).

Country
Italy
Related Organizations
Keywords

Neuropatia uditiva; Percezione verbale; elettrococleografia

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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