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Whole Body Vibration e T2DM

Authors: lucchetti, cristiana;

Whole Body Vibration e T2DM

Abstract

Il diabete di tipo 2 è un disturbo metabolico, caratterizzato da elevati livelli di glucosio nel sangue, che compare generalmente dopo i 40 anni in soggetti sedentari, in sovrappeso o obesi. E’ una patologia molto diffusa e in rapida crescita. L’aumento della sua incidenza nel mondo è attribuibile a diversi fattori quali il peggioramento delle abitudini alimentari, gli stili di vita sedentari e il crescente benessere nei Paesi emergenti. Il diabete, oltre a ridurre fino a 10 anni l’aspettativa di vita, si accompagna a complicanze cardiovascolari che già oggi rappresentano la principale causa dell’elevata mortalità in pazienti diabetici. L’esercizio fisico aerobico e contro resistenza sono in grado di favorire nel soggetto una serie di miglioramenti a livello metabolico e quindi ridurre l’incidenza del diabete di tipo 2. La Whole Body Vibration (WBV) è una metodologia di allenamento che utilizza apposite pedane per trasmettere al corpo delle vibrazioni che inducono un’attività riflessa (riflesso tonico vibratorio) e un incremento dell’attività muscolare, verificabile attraverso elettromiografia, capace di migliorare alcune specifiche caratteristiche del muscolo stesso (forza, flessibilità, sensibilità insulina). Lo scopo della ricerca è stato di elaborare e proporre, ad un gruppo di pazienti con diabete di tipo 2, un training alternativo all’esercizio fisico aerobico, utilizzando la Whole Body Vibration (WBV), per migliorare il parametro Emoglobina Glicata (HbA1c). Allo studio hanno partecipato 48 soggetti diabetici, di età compresa tra i 45 e i 78 anni (M=64.2), randomizzati in 2 gruppi di 24 persone ciascuno e sottoposti, per un periodo di 3 mesi, a 2 differenti tipi di intervento: Whole Body Vibration (Vibration Group/ VG) e esercizio fisico aerobico (Aerobic Group/ AG). I dati dei parametri Emoglobina Glicata (HbA1c) e Massimo Consumo di Ossigeno (VO2 max) sono stati raccolti a T0 e a T1. Entrambi i protocolli si sono rivelati efficaci nel trattamento dei 2 parametri considerati (HbA1c, VO2 max). Il protocollo d’allenamento del gruppo VG si è rivelato maggiormente efficace per il parametro HbA1c e con significatività nei pazienti con HbA1c > 7.5 e in quelli di 3 età > 65. I valori del parametro VO2 max sono aumentati in modo significativo in entrambi i gruppi (VG; AG). In conclusione la WBV è particolarmente adatta a soggetti “fragili” (senilità, sovrappeso, patologie, lesioni) garantendo anche un carico estremamente ridotto su ossa, articolazioni e legamenti. La WBV permette di ottimizzare il tempo riducendo la durata delle sedute d’allenamento.

Type 2 diabetes is a metabolic disorder characterized by high levels of glucose in the blood, which usually appears after the age of 40 in sedentary, overweight or obese people. It is a very common and fat-growing disease. The increase in its incidence worldwide is attributable to several factors, such as declining food habits, sedentary lifestyles and increasing prosperity in emerging countries. Diabetes, as well as reducing life expectancy up to 10 years, is also accompanied by cardiovascular complications, which by now already represent the main cause of the high mortality rate recorded in diabetic patients. Aerobic and resistance exercise is able to promote in the subject a series of improvements at the metabolic level, and therefore to reduce the incidence of type 2 diabetes. Whole Body Vibration (WBV) is a training methodology that uses special footboards to transmit to the body vibrations inducing reflected activity (tonic vibration reflex) and an increase in muscle activity, verifiable through electromyography, which can improve some specific characteristics of the muscle (strength, flexibility, insulin sensitivity). The purpose of the research was to develop and propose – to a group of patients with type 2 diabetes – a type of training as an alternative to aerobic training, using Whole Body Vibration (WBV) to improve the Glycated Haemoglobin (HbA1c) parameter. The study involved 48 diabetic subjects, aged between 45 and 78 years (M=64.2), randomized into two groups of 24 people each, and submitted for a period of 3 months to 2 different types of intervention: Whole Body Vibration (Vibration Group/ VG) and aerobic training (Aerobic Group/ AG). The Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) and Maximum Oxygen Consumption (VO2 max) parameter data were collected at T0 and T1. Both 4 protocols proved effective in the treatment of the 2 parameters considered (HbA1c, VO2 max). As for the training protocol for the VG group, this was the case mostly for the HbA1c parameter, and significantly in patients with HbA1c > 7.5 and in those aged > 65. The values of the VO2 max parameter increased significantly in both groups (VG; AG). In conclusion, WBV is especially suitable for “fragile” subjects (i.e. suffering from senility, overweight, diseases, injuries), as well as ensuring a very low load on the bones, joints and ligaments. WBV helps to optimize time by reducing the duration of training sessions.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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