Authored by a European team of leaders in the field, the book compiles innovative approaches for C-X bond forming processes frequently applied in organic synthesis. It covers all key types of catalysis, including homogeneous, heterogeneous, and organocatalysis, as well as mechanistic and computational studies. Special attention is focused on the improvement of efficiency and sustainability of important catalytic processes, such as selective oxidations, hydrogenation and cross-coupling reactions. The result is a valuable resource for both advanced researchers in academia and industry, as well as graduate students in organic chemistry aiming for chemo-, regio- or stereoselective synthesis of organic compounds using novel catalytic systems. In particular, the chapter on sulfenic acids