With the growth and rapid spread of non-governmental organizations in many regions, dealing and managing these organizations turned to be a big challenge. One of the approaches that non-governmental organizations have to rely on is strategic management. By acting strategically, these organizations can promote their capabilities and keep their obligations toward communities. It has been underlined by many researchers that if these organizations would like to be successful, they have to give an importance to strategy since it represents the most critical task of these organizations. In general, it is uncontroversial that the major part of the scientific contributions in strategic management was heavily focused on the business sector. For this reason, the aim of this paper is to provide, on one hand, a review of the strategic management process and concepts. On the other hand, the paper mainly gives an explanation of how these concepts are applied in nongovernmental organizations taking into account the distinctive nature of these organizations.