This chapter provides a general overview of sport governance within the Czech Republic. It first offers a presentation of major umbrella associations and the relationship among them. The accounts that follow deal with an involvement of public authorities in sport governance and describe the ways in which the sport governing bodies are interconnected with public authorities. Following this, major trends influencing contemporary sport governance and historical developments that are relevant in the Czech Republic context are explored. A brief outline about the origins of sport governance in the Czech countries during the Austro-Hungarian Empire in the second half of the nineteenth century is followed by a description of the direct impact of communist ideologies on sport governance after World War II. More indepth attention is further given to recent developments. The period of transformation from communism to democracy and capitalism is first described, and the period of crisis starting in 2011 is elaborated upon.