Provision and circulation of food resources were crucial in the administration and expansion of the Neo-Assyrian empire. Food resources were obtained through the internal revenue of the provinces and from tribute from subordinate areas. Officials of the royal administration played a fundamental role in provisioning the state establishment, the army, the temples, in ordinary and extraordinary circumstances. The article collects and analyses the available sources concerning these aspects of the administration and economy of the empire and examines the contribution of central and peripheral areas to the overall system. It also considers food consumption in ceremonial occasions aimed at enhancing cohesion.